Best Poly Mailers for Resellers: 2026 Supplier Comparison Guide

Best Poly Mailers for Resellers: Complete 2026 Buying Guide

The best poly mailers for resellers balance three critical factors: durability to protect inventory during transit, low per-unit costs to preserve profit margins, and reasonable minimum order quantities that don't tie up working capital. When you're running a bin store or resale operation with tight margins on discounted merchandise, every shipping expense directly impacts your bottom line.

This comprehensive guide compares the top wholesale poly mailer suppliers for resellers in 2026, covering detailed pricing structures, bulk discount tiers, minimum order requirements, and shipping performance data. You'll learn exactly where to source quality mailers without warehouse-sized commitments, how to calculate your true cost per shipment including hidden fees, and which suppliers offer the best value for different business sizes and shipping volumes.

With Amazon processing approximately 1.2-1.5 billion returned packages annually and e-commerce return rates reaching 16.9% industry-wide (up 39.2% from 2023 to 2024), resellers face intensifying competition for quality returned merchandise. Your packaging must protect items through multi-carrier handling while keeping costs low enough to maintain healthy margins on inventory sourced from Amazon returns and liquidation pallets.

What Makes Poly Mailers Ideal for Resale Operations

Resellers need fundamentally different mailer specifications than traditional e-commerce sellers. When you're sourcing inventory from liquidation pallets, dollar stores, or bin store merchandise, your profit margins run significantly tighter than retail sellers marking up new products. Every cent of shipping expense matters when you're working with acquisition costs of $1-5 per item and selling at $10-30.

The right poly mailers for resale businesses share these essential characteristics:

2.5-3.5 mil thickness provides the optimal protection-to-cost ratio. This range offers adequate puncture and tear resistance for most bin store inventory without overpaying for heavy-duty features designed for sharp or extremely fragile items. Use 2.5 mil for soft goods like clothing and accessories, 3.5 mil for electronics or items requiring extra protection.

Self-sealing adhesive strips eliminate labor costs compared to tape-close options. When you're processing 50-200 packages weekly, the time savings add up significantly. Self-seal strips also provide tamper-evident security that customers value.

Opaque construction prevents content visibility for customer privacy and security during transit. This matters particularly for clothing and personal items that make up the bulk of bin store inventory.

Waterproof polyethylene material protects merchandise through rain, snow, and multi-carrier handling. Unlike paper packaging, poly mailers maintain integrity when exposed to moisture, preventing damage claims and returns that eat into already-slim margins.

Minimum Order Quantities: The Make-or-Break Factor

Minimum order quantities separate reseller-friendly suppliers from manufacturer-focused distributors. Large packaging manufacturers serving major retailers typically require 5,000-10,000 unit minimums per size, tying up $500-1,500 in packaging inventory alone.

The best reseller suppliers offer reasonable minimums of 100-1,000 units, allowing you to:

• Test different sizes without major capital commitment
• Maintain appropriate stock levels when bin store merchandise changes weekly
• Avoid storage constraints in home-based or small warehouse operations
• Preserve cash flow for inventory purchases rather than packaging stockpiles

Standard sizing priorities for bin store resellers focus on versatility across common merchandise categories. Most operations stock primarily three sizes:

• 6x9 mailers — Small electronics accessories, jewelry, cosmetics, wallets (15% of typical inventory)
• 10x13 mailers — Clothing, shoes, books, small housewares (60% of inventory)
• 14x17 mailers — Larger apparel, multi-item orders, bedding (20% of inventory)

The 10x13 size represents your bulk order target since it handles the majority of bin store items. Purchase smaller quantities of 6x9 and 14x17 to supplement rather than buying all sizes in equal volume.

Top Wholesale Poly Mailer Suppliers: Detailed Comparison

APlasticBag.com — Best for Small to Medium Operations

Key specifications: 100-unit minimums, 2-3 business day shipping, no wholesale account required, free shipping over $150

APlasticBag.com specializes in serving smaller resellers who need accessible minimum orders and straightforward online purchasing. Their 10x13 standard poly mailers run approximately $0.14-$0.18 per unit for 500-count orders, positioning them in the mid-range for per-unit cost but offering superior flexibility.

Advantages for resale businesses:

Low minimums of just 100 units allow testing different sizes without substantial investment. When you're determining optimal size distribution for your specific merchandise mix, starting with 100 units each of 6x9, 10x13, and 14x17 ($45-55 total investment) provides real-world usage data before committing to bulk orders.

Quick turnaround with orders typically shipping within 48 hours supports flexible inventory management. If you're running a dollar day bin store with unpredictable weekly volume, rapid replenishment prevents stockouts without maintaining excessive safety stock.

Clear online pricing eliminates the hassle of wholesale account setup, credit applications, and minimum annual purchase commitments. You can order as needed without relationship requirements that make sense for larger operations but create friction for smaller resellers.

Free shipping on orders over $150 in most US regions effectively reduces per-unit costs by $0.02-$0.04 for typical 500-1,000 unit orders. This threshold is easily achievable when restocking multiple sizes simultaneously.

Considerations for decision-making:

Per-unit costs run 10-15% higher than bulk-focused suppliers charging $0.12-$0.15 per unit at 1,000-count volumes. However, when you factor in their lower minimums preventing capital lockup and storage constraints, the total cost of ownership often favors APlasticBag.com for operations shipping under 200 packages weekly.

Their sweet spot serves resellers doing 50-200 weekly shipments who need reliable supply without storage space for 3-6 month inventory stockpiles. Once your volume consistently exceeds 200 weekly packages, transitioning to higher-minimum suppliers like OXO Packaging delivers better economics.

Polypak — Best for Custom Branding Options

Key specifications: 250-unit minimums on custom prints, stock mailers available in 100-unit quantities, made-in-USA production

Polypak operates as both manufacturer and reseller, offering custom-printed poly mailers alongside stock options at more accessible minimums than pure manufacturers. Standard 10x13 mailers cost $0.15-$0.20 per unit for 500-count orders, while custom printing adds $0.05-$0.08 per unit depending on color complexity and design specifications.

Advantages for brand-building resellers:

Custom branding at 250-unit minimums opens professional packaging to smaller operations. Traditional manufacturers require 5,000-10,000 units for custom printing, making it financially impractical for resellers doing under 500 weekly shipments. Polypak's 250-unit threshold means a 2-3 month supply for operations shipping 75-100 packages weekly.

Made-in-USA production with 5-7 business day turnaround on custom orders provides faster delivery than overseas manufacturing requiring 4-6 weeks lead time. This matters when testing new branding or launching seasonal promotional designs without long-term commitment.

Stock mailers ship same or next business day, supporting hybrid inventory strategies. Keep custom mailers for regular customers and use stock mailers for one-time buyers or marketplace sales where branded packaging provides less value.

Bulk discounts start at 1,000 units with 10-15% savings, bringing custom mailer costs down to $0.18-$0.23 per unit including printing. At this volume, the premium over basic mailers narrows to just $0.05-$0.08 per package.

Considerations for custom printing:

Custom orders require 250-unit minimums per design, not total units across all designs. If you want multiple seasonal designs or variations, each needs its own 250-unit order. This makes Polypak best suited for established resellers ready to commit to a single brand identity rather than startups testing different approaches.

Setup fees of $75-125 apply to first-time custom orders but the plate can be reused for future orders at no additional charge. This one-time cost amortizes favorably when planning for 6-12 months of reorders, but increases the break-even volume for testing new designs.

OXO Packaging — Best for High-Volume Purchasers

Key specifications: Free shipping on most orders, 500-unit typical minimums, eco-friendly options available, custom printing at 1,000+ units

OXO Packaging specializes in larger volume orders with competitive per-unit pricing that rewards commitment. Their 10x13 standard mailers average $0.12-$0.16 per unit at 1,000-count orders, dropping to $0.10-$0.13 at 5,000+ units—among the lowest costs in the industry for resellers.

Advantages for established operations:

Free shipping eliminates a significant cost variable that adds $0.02-$0.05 per unit to smaller orders from competitors. When ordering 1,000-5,000 units, this saves $20-250 per order, directly improving margins on every package shipped.

Biodegradable options available at 15-20% premiums over standard polyethylene allow environmentally-conscious positioning. Their biodegradable 10x13 mailers cost $0.18-$0.22 per unit at 1,000-count orders, competitive with other suppliers' eco-friendly alternatives.

Quantity discounts continue through 10,000+ unit orders with progressive tier pricing. Volume buyers shipping 300-500+ packages weekly can achieve $0.10-$0.12 per unit costs, matching or beating wholesale pricing available to major retailers.

Custom printing available at 1,000-unit minimums provides branding options for high-volume resellers. While higher than Polypak's 250-unit threshold, the per-unit custom pricing of $0.16-$0.20 (including printing) undercuts smaller-minimum suppliers by 15-25%.

Considerations for volume requirements:

Larger minimums of 500-1,000 units require more upfront capital—typically $150-200 for initial stock mailer orders, $500-800 for custom printed mailers. This investment makes sense for established bin stores with consistent shipping volume but stretches cash flow for newer operations.

Storage space becomes a factor when ordering 1,000-5,000 units. A case of 1,000 10x13 mailers occupies approximately 2-3 cubic feet, manageable in most storage areas but requiring dedicated space in home-based operations.

Ideal for operations shipping 200+ weekly packages with predictable size distribution. At this volume, you'll use 1,000 units in 5-8 weeks, providing optimal inventory turnover without frequent reordering hassles.

PAC Worldwide (PolyJacket) — Best for Premium Protection

Key specifications: 500-1,000 unit minimums, 3.5 mil thickness standard, bubble-lined options available, manufacturer-direct quality

PAC Worldwide manufactures PolyJacket mailers designed for applications requiring superior durability and protection. Their standard poly mailers run $0.16-$0.22 per unit for 500-count orders, while bubble-lined versions cost $0.28-$0.35 per unit—premium pricing justified by specialized use cases.

Advantages for electronics and fragile merchandise:

Superior puncture resistance protects hard goods, electronics, glassware, and fragile items that represent higher-value bin store inventory. The 3.5 mil standard thickness and reinforced seams prevent tears during rough carrier handling that could damage $50-100+ items.

Bubble-lined options replace boxes for many shipments, saving on dimensional weight charges that cost $1-3 per package for oversized boxes. A bubble-lined poly mailer weighs 2-3 ounces vs. 8-12 ounces for equivalent box protection, reducing postage by $0.50-1.50 on Priority Mail shipments.

Consistent quality control from manufacturer-direct purchasing eliminates variability common with resellers sourcing from multiple factories. Defect rates under 1% (vs. 2-4% for budget suppliers) reduce waste and customer complaints.

Available in wider size range including 20x24 and larger options for oversized items. Specialty sizes accommodate bulky merchandise like coats, comforters, and multi-item orders without requiring boxes.

Considerations for cost-sensitive operations:

Higher per-unit costs of $0.16-$0.35 make these less economical for clothing and soft goods where basic 2.5 mil mailers at $0.12-$0.18 provide adequate protection. Calculate the cost-benefit based on your merchandise mix—if electronics and fragile items represent under 20% of shipments, maintain separate premium mailer stock rather than using for all packages.

Minimum orders of 500-1,000 units work well for specialized inventory but tie up capital if you're only shipping 20-50 fragile items weekly. Consider starting with variety packs or smaller quantities from APlasticBag.com, then transition to PAC Worldwide when volume justifies bulk purchasing.

Best suited for resellers specializing in electronics, housewares, collectibles, or other fragile merchandise where damage protection justifies 30-80% premium over basic mailers.

FoodVacBags (MailPacBags) — Best for Mixed-Size Variety Packs

Key specifications: Variety packs available, 50-250 unit minimums, 2.5 mil thickness standard, ships from US warehouses

FoodVacBags offers MailPacBags poly mailers in variety packs designed for resellers determining optimal size distribution. A typical variety pack includes 50 units each of 6x9, 10x13, and 14x17 sizes (150 total units) for $25-35, averaging $0.17-$0.23 per unit.

Advantages for startup operations:

Test different sizes without committing to large quantities of each eliminates guesswork in initial inventory planning. New bin store operators often overestimate variety needs; variety packs provide actual usage data before investing in bulk single-size orders.

Lower initial investment of $25-50 for 150-250 mixed mailers vs. $150-200 for 1,000 units of a single size preserves capital for merchandise acquisition. When starting with limited funds, this flexibility matters significantly.

Quick reordering of individual sizes once usage patterns emerge allows data-driven inventory optimization. After 2-3 months of tracking which sizes you use most frequently, transition to bulk orders of your primary sizes (typically 60% 10x13, 20% 14x17, 15% 6x9, 5% other).

Ships from US warehouses with 2-4 day delivery supports rapid startup without waiting 7-10 days for bulk orders to arrive. This matters when you've just acquired inventory and need immediate packaging to start generating revenue.

Considerations for long-term economics:

Higher per-unit costs of $0.17-$0.23 compared to $0.12-$0.16 for bulk single-size orders make variety packs less economical beyond the testing phase. Plan to use variety packs for the first 3-6 months of operation, then switch to size-specific bulk orders once you've established usage patterns.

Limited quantity discounts since variety packs already represent small minimums. You won't see the progressive tier pricing available from bulk suppliers until you transition to single-size orders of 500-1,000 units.

Optimal usage strategy: Purchase 1-2 variety packs initially (150-300 total mailers), track exact size usage, then place your first bulk order weighted toward your most-used size with smaller quantities supplementing less-common sizes.

Calculating True Poly Mailer Costs: Complete Formula

Per-unit price represents only the starting point for accurate cost analysis. Your actual cost per shipped package includes shipping fees to receive mailers, storage expenses, defect waste, and opportunity cost of capital tied up in packaging inventory. Understanding total cost of ownership ensures accurate profit margin calculations.

Basic Cost Formula with Real Numbers

Total mailer cost = (Unit price × Quantity) + Supplier shipping + (Storage cost × Months stored) + (Defect rate × Unit price × Quantity)

Example calculation for 1,000 units of 10x13 standard mailers:

• Unit price: $0.15 × 1,000 = $150.00
• Supplier shipping: $0 (free shipping supplier) or $15 (typical for non-free shipping)
• Storage: $0 if used within 30 days, $10-20 for 2-3 months in paid storage
• Defects (2% industry average): 0.02 × $0.15 × 1,000 = $3.00
• Total: $153-188 = $0.153-$0.188 per mailer delivered and usable

This same calculation for a free-shipping supplier at 1,000 units yields $0.153 true cost vs. $0.15 sticker price—a 2% increase from defects. For a supplier charging $15 shipping, true cost reaches $0.168—an 12% increase over sticker price.

Hidden Cost Categories Affecting Bottom Line

Shipping fees from suppliers vary dramatically and disproportionately impact smaller orders. Free shipping typically requires $150-200 minimum orders—achievable when ordering 1,000+ units but challenging for 100-500 unit restocks.

Calculate shipping impact on small orders:

• 100 units at $0.20/unit = $20 + $12 shipping = $0.32 effective cost (60% increase)
• 500 units at $0.16/unit = $80 + $12 shipping = $0.184 effective cost (15% increase)
• 1,000 units at $0.15/unit = $150 + $0 shipping = $0.15 effective cost (0% increase)

Volume tier timing impacts working capital efficiency. Suppliers offering 15-20% discounts at 5,000 units require 5× the capital vs. 1,000-unit orders. Calculate inventory turnover to determine optimal order size:

A bin store shipping 150 packages weekly uses:

• 1,000 mailers in 6-7 weeks (acceptable turnover)
• 5,000 mailers in 33 weeks (excessive capital lockup)

Unless shipping 400+ weekly packages, 5,000-unit orders tie up capital for 3-6 months that could earn better returns in merchandise inventory.

Returns and defects average 1-3% across poly mailer orders from quality suppliers. Budget $3-5 per 1,000 units for mailers with defective adhesive, tears, or printing errors. While reputable suppliers replace defective units, you absorb outbound and return shipping costs plus administrative time.

Defect rates by supplier tier:

• Budget suppliers (under $0.12/unit): 3-5% defect rates
• Mid-tier suppliers ($0.12-0.18/unit): 1-3% defect rates
• Premium suppliers (over $0.18/unit): Under 1% defect rates

Storage costs matter for larger orders. Home-based resellers typically have zero storage cost, but warehouse operations paying $0.50-1.50 per square foot monthly should factor this expense:

• 1,000 mailers occupy 2-3 cubic feet = $1-3 monthly storage cost
• 5,000 mailers occupy 10-15 cubic feet = $5-15 monthly storage cost

For warehouse operations, storage adds $0.001-$0.003 per unit monthly, favoring faster inventory turnover through smaller order quantities.

Wholesale vs. Retail Suppliers: When to Buy Locally

Local packaging suppliers offer immediate availability eliminating shipping delays but typically charge 40-100% premiums over online wholesale pricing. Understanding when each channel makes business sense optimizes total supply chain costs.

Side-by-Side Cost Comparison

Standard 10x13 poly mailers (100-count purchase):

Local retail suppliers:

• Restaurant supply stores: $25-35 ($0.25-$0.35/unit)
• Office supply chains: $28-40 ($0.28-$0.40/unit)
• Packaging specialty stores: $22-32 ($0.22-$0.32/unit)

Online wholesale suppliers:

• Small orders (100-500 units): $12-18 + $8-12 shipping = $0.20-$0.30/unit delivered
• Medium orders (500-1,000 units): $60-90 + $0-15 shipping = $0.12-$0.21/unit delivered
• Large orders (1,000-5,000 units): $120-650 + $0 shipping = $0.10-$0.15/unit delivered

Savings calculation: Online wholesale delivers 30-45% savings for orders of 500+ units, narrowing to 10-20% for 100-unit orders when including shipping costs.

Strategic Use Cases for Local Suppliers

Emergency restocking situations justify local premium pricing when you've unexpectedly run out mid-week and have orders ready to ship. Paying $0.25-$0.35 per unit for immediate availability beats losing 2-3 days of shipping delays on ready inventory.

Testing single new sizes before committing to bulk online orders reduces risk. Purchase 25-50 units locally at $0.25-$0.35 each ($6.25-17.50 total investment) to validate demand before ordering 500 units online.

Very low-volume operations shipping under 20 packages weekly may find local purchasing more economical than maintaining packaging inventory. When using just 20 mailers weekly (80 monthly), a 100-unit local purchase lasts 5 weeks vs. tying up capital in 500-1,000 unit online orders lasting 6-12 months.

Cash flow constraints sometimes favor local pay-as-you-go purchasing over $150-500 upfront online orders. If capital is better deployed in merchandise inventory earning 100-300% gross margins, accepting 40-100% packaging premiums can make financial sense.

Optimal Hybrid Strategy

Maintain bulk online wholesale as primary source for your most-used sizes (typically 10x13 representing 60% of shipments). Order 1,000-2,000 units every 2-3 months to minimize per-unit costs.

Keep 50-100 units of secondary sizes (6x9, 14x17) on hand through smaller online orders every 3-4 months, accepting slightly higher per-unit costs for reduced storage and capital requirements.

Use local suppliers for emergency restock and testing new sizes or specialty mailers for unusual items. This hybrid approach balances 90-95% of volume at optimal wholesale pricing while maintaining flexibility through local relationships.

Search "poly mailers near me" or "packaging supplies near me" to identify local options, then compare their per-unit pricing to your online wholesale quotes. Most experienced resellers develop relationships with 1-2 local suppliers for emergency situations while maintaining primary online accounts for volume purchasing.

Eco-Friendly Poly Mailers: Detailed Cost-Benefit Analysis

Biodegradable and recycled-content poly mailers cost 15-40% more than standard polyethylene but appeal to environmentally-conscious customers and platform policies. Understanding which eco-friendly options deliver measurable return on investment helps resellers make data-driven packaging decisions.

Types of Eco-Friendly Mailers Compared

Biodegradable poly mailers use additives that break down polyethylene in 3-6 months under commercial composting conditions (not home compost). They perform identically to standard mailers during shipping and storage with no durability sacrifice.

Pricing for 10x13 biodegradable mailers:

• 500 units: $0.18-$0.24/unit (vs. $0.14-$0.18 standard)
• 1,000 units: $0.16-$0.22/unit (vs. $0.12-$0.16 standard)
• Premium: 18-38% over standard polyethylene

Available from OXO Packaging and Polypak with 500-1,000 unit minimums, comparable to standard mailer ordering requirements.

Recycled content mailers incorporate 25-100% post-consumer recycled plastic, reducing virgin material consumption. Durability matches standard mailers with no performance compromise.

Pricing for 10x13 recycled-content mailers:

• 500 units: $0.16-$0.21/unit (vs. $0.14-$0.18 standard)
• 1,000 units: $0.14-$0.19/unit (vs. $0.12-$0.16 standard)
• Premium: 8-20% over standard polyethylene

Most suppliers including APlasticBag.com and OXO Packaging offer these as standard options without special ordering, making them the most accessible eco-friendly alternative.

Compostable mailers made from plant-based materials (corn starch, cassava) break down in home compost within 90-180 days but sacrifice some water resistance and tear strength.

Pricing for 10x13 compostable mailers:

• 500 units: $0.24-$0.32/unit (vs. $0.14-$0.18 standard)
• 1,000 units: $0.21-$0.28/unit (vs. $0.12-$0.16 standard)
• Premium: 50-100% over standard polyethylene

Better suited for clothing and soft goods than electronics or items requiring maximum water protection. Available from specialty suppliers with typical 500-unit minimums.

ROI Analysis on Eco-Friendly Packaging

Customer perception varies dramatically by selling channel with measurable impacts on feedback and repeat purchases:

Sustainability-focused platforms (Poshmark, Depop, Mercari):

• 5-15% higher positive feedback scores with eco-packaging
• 8-12% increase in repeat customer rate within 90 days
• Customer comments mentioning packaging: 12-18% (vs. under 5% with standard mailers)

Traditional marketplaces (eBay, Facebook Marketplace):

• Minimal difference in feedback scores (under 2% variation)
• No measurable impact on repeat purchase rates
• Customer comments mentioning packaging: under 3%

Bin store walk-in customers:

• No measurable preference (customers prioritize price over packaging sustainability)
• Zero impact on repeat visit rates

Margin impact calculation for typical bin store sale:

Standard mailers at $0.15/unit:

• Sale price: $25
• Acquisition cost: $8
• Shipping cost: $5
• Mailer cost: $0.15
• Net profit: $11.85 (47.4% margin)

Biodegradable mailers at $0.22/unit:

• Sale price: $25
• Acquisition cost: $8
• Shipping cost: $5
• Mailer cost: $0.22
• Net profit: $11.78 (47.1% margin)

The $0.07 difference represents just 0.3 percentage points of margin—negligible for most operations. However, at 1,000 shipments annually, this totals $70 in reduced profit.

Strategic Implementation Recommendations

Test eco-friendly options with 10-20% of shipments to measure actual customer response before full commitment. Track feedback scores, repeat purchase rates, and customer comments for 60-90 days.

Focus eco-packaging on higher-value items ($40+) where customers are less price-sensitive and more likely to appreciate sustainable practices. Use standard mailers for under-$20 items where every cent of margin matters.

Consider platform requirements and customer demographics. If 70%+ of sales go through sustainability-conscious platforms to younger demographics (under 35), eco-friendly packaging may deliver measurable competitive advantage justifying the premium.

Start with recycled-content mailers offering 8-20% premiums vs. 50-100% for fully compostable options. Test customer response at the lower price point before potentially moving to more expensive alternatives.

Custom Branding for Resellers: Investment Analysis

Custom-printed poly mailers build brand recognition and professional presentation but require higher upfront investment through minimum order quantities and setup fees. Understanding break-even volumes and customer lifetime value helps resellers determine when custom packaging makes business sense.

Complete Cost Breakdown for Custom Mailers

Standard 10x13 custom-printed poly mailers (1,000-unit order):

First-time order costs:

• Base mailer cost: $0.12 × 1,000 = $120
• Custom printing fee: $0.06 × 1,000 = $60
• Setup/plate fees (one-time): $75
• Shipping: $0 (typically free at this volume)
• Total first order: $255 ($0.255/unit)

Reorder costs (plate already created):

• Base mailer cost: $0.12 × 1,000 = $120
• Custom printing fee: $0.06 × 1,000 = $60
• Setup/plate fees: $0 (reusing existing plate)
• Shipping: $0
• Total reorders: $180 ($0.18/unit)

Premium over standard mailers:

• First order: $0.255 vs. $0.15 standard = 70% premium ($0.105/unit)
• Reorders: $0.18 vs. $0.15 standard = 20% premium ($0.03/unit)

Break-Even Volume Calculation

At 1,000-unit custom order vs. standard mailers:

• Extra cost: $75 setup + ($0.06 × 1,000 printing) = $135
• Cost per package: $0.135 premium for first 1,000 units
• Amortized over 5,000 units (typical 12-month usage at 100 weekly shipments): $0.027/unit premium

Break-even analysis: Custom packaging pays for itself when it generates $0.027+ additional value